版画絵具は何で出来ているの？
版画は、絵の具を版に乗せて刷り取ります。現在でもそうですが、使用されている日本画の絵の具は鉱物が多いです。これを天然顔料と言います。
現在は、合成顔料の方が多いですが、顔料は水や油に溶けませんから、展着材で固めるしか有りません。日本画のお店でガラスの試験管のような筒に入っているものです。
これを細かく摺り潰して粉にしたものを、アラビアゴムで固めると「グァッシュ」に、アマニ油等を煮詰めた物で固めると「油絵の具」に、またニカワで固めると「日本画用絵の具」になります。
木版画で使う絵の具は、画材屋さんで売っている水彩絵の具でも、油絵の具でも良いのですが、やはり伝統的な「顔料」を和のり（米を煮込んで手拭いで濾したもの）で溶いたものを使いたいと思います。墨は墨汁などを使いますが、墨汁自体がニカワで固められているので、のりを使わないで大丈夫です。
紅富士に出てくるようなベンガラは鉄の錆びた粉なので、乳鉢に入れて細かく摺り潰したものを水で溶いて、稲穂や竹の皮で作った小さな溶き棒で版木に色を乗せます。その後から和のりを追加するのですが、これが、顔料が紙から剥がれ落ちないようになる定着剤となります。
黒崎彰さんは、親戚に聞いたところ「櫻蘭(roran)グァッシュ」と言う絵の具をを使っていたそうです。丸くて平たい大きめの缶です。
木版画で細かな線を表現したいのなら（浮世絵など）桜の木が良いでしょう。現在では、線では無く、面で表現する方が増えていて木版画用のシナベニヤ板を使う方が多いです。
木版画用のシナベニヤは合板を接着する時の接着剤の付け方が、建築用のベニヤより密になっていて、細かな掘りで面ごと剥がれ落ちないようになっていると思います。
リトグラフや銅版画の絵の具は、材料屋さんで売っていますが、顔料が手に入るのなら、亜麻仁油を煮詰めたもの（これも売っています）に溶いて、絵の具を作ってみても良いでしょう。
銅版画で使うグランドも、アスファルトや蜜蝋を買って自分で作ってみるのも良いと思います。最初は皆貧乏です、しっかり頑張って作りましょう。和のりは、おかゆみたいなものを鍋で煮込みます。水がなくなったら差し水をしてトロトロにしてください。それを裏漉しして作ります。
文房具店で売っている和のりは、合成のりで作品が変色するので使えません。唯一使える和のりは、日本画の材料屋さんで売っている「黄色い容器」に入っているものです。
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